Which of the following is NOT classified as a related intangible asset?

Intangible assets are non-physical assets that can provide value to a business, and they are typically classified based on their ability to generate revenue through factors like brand recognition, customer loyalty, or contractual rights. Franchises, goodwill, and branding are all examples of related intangible assets, as they represent value derived from non-physical sources such as customer relationships, proprietary rights, or unique market positions.

Franchises are rights granted to use a business model and brand for a fee. Goodwill arises from a business's reputation and ability to generate future profits beyond its tangible assets, often assessed during acquisitions. Branding encompasses the value tied to a brand's identity, including customer perception and loyalty, which can significantly influence sales.

In contrast, equipment is a tangible asset, which includes physical items used in operations, like machinery or office furniture. Tangible assets are characterized by their physical presence, whereas intangible assets lack physical substance. Therefore, equipment does not fit within the classification of related intangible assets, making it the correct answer in this context.